Family Albums: A Practical Analysis Essay -- essays research papers

Since their inception in the 1860s, family albums have played an important role as the promoters of familial ideology and treasures of familial memory. Most family photograph albums in containing a great variety of items, both identified and unidentified, from different periods and of varying quality, held together by their collective identity with the family (Schoeman, 1996 8). The function of familial photography is to fix perception and memory, represent a method of preserving memories, document important moments and confirm social relationships and fact of belonging (Tobiassen, 1990). When photographs argon stored in albums the process resembles the writing of family history (Tobiassen, 1990), and are thus a resource constituting an important mnemonic aid in the construction of a family narrative, although Tobiassen omits all thought that the photograph album is probably the closest that most families will ever approach to narrativising and transmitting their individual and co llective familial experiences for later generations. primeval portrait photographers stressed the importance of the photograph as a moral stabilizer for families and the social fabric, " family photographs sustained drippy ties in a nation of migrants." (Alan Sekula, 1986) These sentimental ties, especially those produced by viewing photographs of deceased loved ones, enabled families to document their lives as they happened, and to remember those who had predeceased them, thus forming a seemingly cohesive "history" on which to form a nation. Therefore, family photographs can be considered cultural artifacts since they document the events that shape families lives and so the recording of family history becomes an important endeavor. In many cases, photographs are the only biographical material people leave behind after they die (Boerdam, Martinius, 1980). However, the impact of family photo albums extends beyond merely recording history. Interpretation of family structures, relationships and self is possible through viewing family photographs.Interpretation of meaning behind photographs assumes that they are a means of communication (Entin, 1979). Much like family storytelling, photographs indicate relationships within and among the family. The family photo album is thence an easy way to initiate outsiders to family history (Boerdam, Martinius, 1980)... ...separations and sibling rivalries needs to be studied. Historical documents, such as family photographs, can provide essential background information as well as indicate important people and relationships within a story.ReferencesAlan Sekula, "The Body and the Archive," 3-64, October, 39, Winter, 1986, p. 8.Boerdam, Jaap and Warna Oosterbaan Martinius. (October, 1980). "Family Photographs - A Sociological Approach," The Netherlands Journal of Sociology, v16, n2, pp. 95-119.Halle, David. (Summer, 1991). "Displaying the Dream The Visual exhibit of Family and Self in the Modern American Household," Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 22 pp. 217-229.Merz, Caroline. (August, 1988). "Smile, please," New Statesman & Society, v1, n10, p. 42.Tobiassen, Anna Helene (1990) Private Photographic Collections as an Ethnological Source. Ethnologia Europaea 20.1. 81-94.Titus, Sandra L. (August, 1976). "Family Photographs and musical passage to Parenthood," Journal of Marriage and the Family, 38 525-530.Trend, David. (February, 1992). "Look whos talking Narratives of Family Representations," Afterimage, v19, n7, p.8.

My Dream Computer :: essays research papers

My Dream ComputerAfter perusing the isles amongst isles of desktop computers at CompUSA I found myself drawn to the Sony desktops. SONY is a high quality brand name and has shown me throughout the years that anything and ein truththing they create seems to be a winner. Eventually I finalized to get one that was practical in size and powerful enough to handle the most strenuous projects. I ended up decide ding on the Sony VAIO RA834G Minitower. The components in this PC were more than I needed for a price I just couldnt resist. This particular computer excessively intrigued me because of its processor. The processor is a common one, an Intel Pentium 4. I like that Sony decided to stick with Intel, since they are an American brand. The exact processor they used is the Intel Pentium 4 3.6Ghz 560J with HT Technology. The Hyper threading technology is genuinely helpful and Im glad they decided to use it because it really makes multi-tasking even with complex software faster and more e fficient and significantly cuts rout on the lag. The 3.6 Gigahertz processor is very very fast and can handle even the most multifaceted functions. The bus speed is also very impressive coming out with a total of 800 solid Megahertzs. This is an extremely fast bus speed considering it only has one successor the 1066 megacycle per second speed.The motherboard chipset also is made by Intel. It is a well put together chipset that runs very well with the ram chosen for this computer. Sony chose the Intel 915P Express Chipset which runs the PC3200 DDR SDRAM at an harmonious cd Mhz. I was also very excited that they chose the Double Data Ram as oppose to the normal SDRAM. The computer comes with a 1GB stick of ram, however, I am going to add another stick of Kingston 1Gb ram to max out the ram capacity at 2 gigabytes. And since its DDR its going to be running like it has 4GBs of SDRAM.The hard drive is a very hefty one with almost 400 gigabytes of space. However after researching the P C close-set(prenominal) I learned that it actually contains two 160GB drives configured with RAID 0. The two drives both run at 7,200 RPMs which is also pretty good. I also picked this computer because it has a long list of card slots that would work perfectly with any type of media I might need to use.

The Effect of Cultural Difference on Intercultural Marriage Essay

The Effect of Cultural Difference on Intercultural MarriageAs the world integrates, much and more people are leaving their m opposite lands to visit, study and work overseas. Young people now have more opportunities to meet prospective partners from other cultures than they had in the past. The number of intercultural couples is increasing worldwide. (Klein, par.3) Many intercultural couples claim that their relationships do not contraryiate from monoculture relationships at first. Passionate love bonds them. When their relationships come to a stable stage afterward a while, however, cultural difference immerges. The couples can certainly benefit from cultural difference yet they also have to face the ch in allenges resulted from it. This paper will get a line such effect that cultural difference takes on intercultural marriageAccording to Dugan Romano, intercultural couples increase self-knowledge by being forced to examine and define their own values, ideas, and prejudices. (Ro mano 179) They all feel richer and less parochial after they spend many years together trying to work things through. They are able to be exposed into other cultures thoroughly as well as to strengthen the understandings of their own cultures.Cultural difference also introduces more lifestyle options to intercultural couples, which will enrich their life. Even if a couple ends up choosing ones home country as their permanent residence, they will definitely visit the others hometown pretty often. sometimes they live in a third country, which means theyll go to both of their home countries from time to time. They have chances to travel in many places, experience different customs, and have friends from diverse backgrounds. My mom told me it was her int... ... For people who are considering entering intercultural marriage, it is very important to seriously weigh the pros and cons of the cultural difference before making a final decision.Works CitedDrumm, Tamula. Mixed Marriage- Why Ex pats Marry Forefingers and Then What Happens. Transitions Abroad July/ August 2001 Transitions Abroud Publishing, Inc. .Klein, Amy. Marrying Across Cultures. Studio Classroom April 2004 Studio Classroom Magazine .Larabell, Joseph. sober Advice for Anyone Contemplating a Across-cultural Marriage. Joseph L.(Joe) Larabell the Suburban Eclectic 9 June 2003 Joseph Larabell .Romano, Dugan. Intercultural Marriage/Promises and Pitfalls. Yarmouth, MN Intercultural P, 1997. Xu, Mingyang. A Chinese-American Mixed Marriage---A Mini Story. Hua Xia Wen Zhai CND Magazine March 1993 China news program Digest International, Inc. .

Divine Comedy - The Guardians of Dantes Inferno :: Divine Comedy Inferno Essays

The Guardians of Dantes Inferno Dantes Inferno is one of the best written works of all time because it was written as an allegory inside an excellent story. A key part of this allegory was how Dante used different guardians in the various circles of hell. These guardians were used to symbolize the punishments of the sinners. Minos is the guardian of Circle II, the circle of the Lustful. He symbolizes an accusing nature because his job is to give punishments to the sinners. The bodies of the sinners confess the sins automatically, and that shows the sinners know everything about themselves when it is too late to repent. Minos is important because he is used to stress that none of the sinners can doubt which sins they pay committed, and that the crime will receive a matching punishment. The lustful were carried away by their passions in their previous lives, and therefore they are thrown about by a black wind. Dante considers lust to be the highest sin because it is mut ually committed to the pleasure of both parties. Cerberus is the guardian of Circle III, the circle of the Gluttons. Cerberus is meant to introduce the image of uncontrolled appetite. In mythology, he was known to devour people who approached hell, and therefore is a glutton himself. However, being a glutton, he must conceding himself to his appetite. His appetite just overtakes him when Dante throws dirt in Cerberus mouth, and the poets are allowed to enter the circle. Cerberus is an example of how everything must submit to the gluttons appetite, including his soul. This is a dark sin because they now holiness food instead of God, and this is reciprocated by the rain, which belies the jolly nature of gluttons and gives them dark temperaments. Gluttony is a sin which involves one person, and it is more of a selfish sin, but the hoggish are alone because they always ate alone. Pluto is the guardian of Circle IV, the circle of Misers and Spendthrift. Pluto is meant to sy mbolize riches, as he is the god of wealth that springs from lubricating oil in ancient mythology. This is appropriate because he guards those who hoarded money and those who spent it foolishly.

The NCLB Act Essay -- essays papers

The NCLB play History The NCLB Act was created from initiatives originally introduced in the Elementary and Secondary School Act. The Elementary and Secondary School Act designed by then Commissioner of culture Francis Keppel and was passed on April 9, 1965. This was less than three months after the bill was first introduced. President Lyndon B. Johnson launched the War on Poverty this being the most important educational gene of the war. (Schugurensky, 2002) Through special funding this act allowed underprivileged and impoverished children a chance to receive education that met up to national standards. The special funding administer more than 1 billion dollars to low income families to receive education that compared to affluent families. The Head grow program quickly grew out of this Act. In the Head Start program preschoolers received education that would prepare them for the challenges they would face in elementary schools the following year. (Amis, 2001) The ESEA was amend ed in 1968 to include the needs of children that had limited English speaking ability which eventually became the Bilingual Education Act. The NCLB presents a sweeping overhaul of federal efforts to support elementary and secondary education in the United States. The NCLB Act is built on four pillars, accountability for results, emphasis on doing what works, expanded parental options and expanded local controls and flexibility. (Toolkit, 2003) Standards criteria established by an educational institution to line up levels of student achievement. (EBSCOhost Thesaurus) Each of these sets of standards may vary slightly estate by state. A school that does not meet the criteria laid out by the state for two years running is labeled as n... ...n, L. S. and Owings, W. A. (May 2003) The Politics of Teacher Quality. Volume 84 pp. 687-92 Retrieved May 1 2004 From EBSCOAmis, K. (2001). Bush says reading is first. Thomas B. Fordham Foundation. Retrieved Feb. 16 2004 from www.edexcel lence.netU.S. Department of Education (2004) No child left behind overview. U.S. Department of Education, Retrieved Feb. 16, 2004 from www.ed.govWhat Works Clearinghouse (2002) Retrieved April 15 2004 from www.w-w-c.orgSchugurensky, D. (2002) History of Education Retrieved April 22 2004 from http//fcis.oise.utoronto.ca/daniel_schugurensky/assignment1/1965elemsec.html(2003) The Elementary and Secondary Education Act in WashingtonAn overview Retrieved April 22 2004 from http//www.k12.wa.us/ESEA/U.S. Department of Education (2003) A Toolkit for Teachers. Washington DC U.S. Government Printing Office

The NCLB Act Essay -- essays papers

The NCLB Act History The NCLB Act was created from initiatives originally introduced in the Elementary and alternative School Act. The Elementary and Secondary School Act designed by then Commissioner of pedagogy Francis Keppel and was passed on April 9, 1965. This was less than three months after the bill was first introduced. President Lyndon B. Johnson launched the War on Poverty this beingness the most important educational component of the war. (Schugurensky, 2002) Through special funding this act allowed underprivileged and impoverished children a chance to receive education that met up to national standards. The special funding allotted more than 1 billion dollars to low income families to receive education that compared to affluent families. The Head Start program promptly grew out of this Act. In the Head Start program preschoolers received education that would prepare them for the challenges they would face in elementary schools the following year. (Amis, 2001) The ESEA was amended in 1968 to accommodate the needs of children that had limited English speaking ability which eventually became the Bilingual Education Act. The NCLB presents a sweeping overhaul of federal efforts to support elementary and supplementary education in the United States. The NCLB Act is built on four pillars, accountability for results, emphasis on doing what works, expanded parental options and expanded local controls and flexibility. (Toolkit, 2003) Standards criteria completed by an educational institution to determine levels of student achievement. (EBSCOhost Thesaurus) Each of these sets of standards may vary slightly state by state. A school that does not stand the criteria laid out by the state for two years running is labeled as n... ...n, L. S. and Owings, W. A. (May 2003) The Politics of Teacher Quality. Volume 84 pp. 687-92 Retrieved May 1 2004 From EBSCOAmis, K. (2001). Bush says reading is first. Thomas B. Fordham Foundation. Retrieved Feb. 16 20 04 from www.edexcellence.netU.S. Department of Education (2004) No child left behind overview. U.S. Department of Education, Retrieved Feb. 16, 2004 from www.ed.govWhat Works Clearinghouse (2002) Retrieved April 15 2004 from www.w-w-c.orgSchugurensky, D. (2002) History of Education Retrieved April 22 2004 from http//fcis.oise.utoronto.ca/daniel_schugurensky/assignment1/1965elemsec.html(2003) The Elementary and Secondary Education Act in WashingtonAn overview Retrieved April 22 2004 from http//www.k12.wa.us/ESEA/U.S. Department of Education (2003) A Toolkit for Teachers. Washington DC U.S. Government stamp Office

Implementing Effective Job Delegation in the Units Essay

As a supervisor on our medical surgical unit of measurement, our hospital patient atonement scores for the past both years have been going down and there is a great need to ameliorate patient satisfaction scores, particularly in the area of useful ponder deputation. Research (2011) has shown that a leader who does not delegate might likely feel stressed and overloaded. Although it might seem the best way for utilisation to get d maven, is to do it yourself, but its not a good long-term solution. Feedback and review remain helpful and important, although the relationship is more likely one of mentoring, rather than coaching.The Question In order to improve patient satisfaction score in hospitals, the first question that health dispense providers should ask is what bottom be done to improve the quality of shell emerge given to our patients, and the second question is, how can effective calling delegation improve our patient satisfaction score in our hospital? Will the crea tion of a policy on implementation of effective concern delegation, encourage collaboration between the breast feeding staff and personnel to ensure that completely personnel are not stressed or overworked?On our medical surgical unit, nurses struggle to deliver tout ensemble the veneration their patients need, but are unable, due(p) to stress and overwork. Good delegation saves time, develops people, grooms a successor, and motivates. Poor delegation will cause frustration, discouragement and Confusion, as such the delegated person will fail to carry out the delegated task. terminationive job delegation will improve our patient satisfaction scores, even if most nurses would take to deliver all the care their patients need, but cant, due to overwork and stress.The delegated task may be small, but has a large overall involve for all those involved. Nursing is a demanding profession, often nurses feel as though there are not enough hours in the day to complete all tasks, dele gation of job will help nurses complete all the jobs allocated, this will help improve patients satisfaction scores. In the medical ambit today there is shortage of nurses, but still nurses are still expected to provide safe and effective care for their patients, by elegating some aspects of care to others this goal can be archived. Evidenced-Based Studies Many studies have been performed on effective job delegation. An article by American Nurses Association Research and expert opinions imply that effective job delegation frees up Nurses to do what they have been educated to do and coordinate patient care (ANA, 2020). It explained that delegating jobs help improve collaboration between healthcare workers, by delegating some aspects of care to others.Another article in the ADVANCE web site published by fiducial researchers, who did the research on why it is significant for healthcare workers to delegate job since they decided what patient care intervention is necessary and how, wh en, and by whom these interventions need to be provided. The article narrated how effective job delegation will improve patient satisfaction scores though most nurses would prefer to deliver all the care their patients need (Juno, 2010).An advanced research was carried out by nursing expert, who explained, that effective job delegation will improve patient satisfaction scores due to nurses shortage and the need to lower medical cost. The article describes how good job delegation saves time, develops people, grooms a successor, and motivates workers, while Poor job delegations causes frustration and overwork to nurses, reservation the task of healthcare workers difficult to give safe healthcare to their patients ( Juno, 2010).It explained that delegating jobs help improve collaboration between workers. An international research in second Africa discovered that there is a large disparity in service levels workload, between private and public sectors. The research point out that effe ctive job delegation is necessary for both private and public sectors for jobs to be carried out efficiently (AFN, 2012).The organization Advocate for Nurses carries out a research and found out that the provision of health care in America has been compromised by the loss of trained health workers due to over work and stress, the article explained that when Managers or leadinghip engage in effective job delegation in the health care organization, Nurses will not leave the profession because of overwork and stress. It explained that poor job delegation lead to pressure and work overload, because most nurses think they can provide all the care their patient need, which is impossible to do, as such difference one tressed, unhappy, and feeling that youre letting your profession down, the solution to prevent this feeling is effective job delegation (AFN, 2012). They also explained why health care worker have to delegate, because of changes in healthcare delivery, they stressed the fac t that task delegation is here to stay at least for the foreseeable future. Job delegation is crucial to cost containment and Job delegation is important as such health care professionals should take it as an expected professional nursing use (AFN, 2012). The ProposalThe outcome of creating a policy is something that is realistically obtainable in a professional practice Access to the hospital policies, meeting with floor managers/unit leaders and Identifying problems in our hospital have shown that our nurses and managers are stressed and overworked. The task of a competent manager is not to do all the work on his or her own, but to smartly deliver within the given parameters of budget and timeline I propose that all managers must make sure that the delegated person understands the splendour of the task, the responsibility it brings and the long-term consequences.Once they are clear about the task it becomes easy for the job to be accomplished. Managers should make sure, those wh o are delegated, feel they are bring to the success of the organization rather than standing on the periphery, and they must ensure that the job being delegated is handed to the appropriate individual, because if the task is not done, the person who delegated the job as well as the delegated person are responsible for non-performance of the job.Delegation is transferring a competent individual the authority to perform selected tasks in a selected situation. Effect job delegation facilitates success and trust among nurse, who then be able to deliver safe and satisfactory care of patients, as a result improve patients satisfaction scores. Conclusion legal delegation involves achieving the desired results, managing the demanding deadlines, empowering and equipping the team. Ultimately, the responsibility of getting delegated job accomplished remains with the manager.Researchers have shown that leaders who do not delegate feel stressed and overloaded with work. Good delegation saves t ime, develops people, grooms a successor, and motivates. Poor delegation will cause frustration, discouragement and confusion. Effective job delegation strategies incorporated into health care practice can provide health care workers with more time for professional nursing roles, and erect job satisfaction in the areas of decision-making and promotional opportunity.

As a Head Nurse Essay

We all must experience capture responsibilities beyond our expectation and terminal point as we can improve ourselves every now and then. Responsibilities ar just within our shoulders as we go on with our lives we add more on to it out-of-pocket to the things we learn and experience and simply being a student nurse responsibility is already on our shoulders as we gained knowledge in every footfall of the way. As a student nurse, knowledge is easy to get as we experience, learn, read and study.But every knowledge comes with great responsibility, which is to help and share it to others who are innocent about specifically toward to their health. Experiencing being a student head nurse is good as it adds my capabilities to manage my time, and my staff nurses. I start out been a leader for some time now but I need more experience to be better than before. I am not at my best now as leader as I havent yet experienced every problem and responsibilities but I involve to get better th an I am now.Being a leader is hard because responsibilities weighs more than you expect, for your time, group and for yourself. But as I experience it once, twice or more to it, it is very helpful due to that I improve from before. Finding myself being a student head nurse is part of being a student but when I experience it was a little hard because I have difficulty at first in contend because it is my first time to lead a group in ER but I can manage.I was a little bit of qualifying for a minute on how to manage my time but I made a time table on the different things I have to manage from the start towards the end likely checking the works of my group mates and reminding them of the different responsibilities they have to prioritize first on the certain time. I was at ease because I felt blessed that my group mates work with less supervision and questions as the before group mates I have had. Some take initiatives for the different assigned work for our report. They manage to f inish it on time and we communicate well.They also show respect with it comes to work as they call me maam, which I am not used to, during our shift of duty. I also was glad that I experience new and ameliorate group mates. The things that I experienced as a leader was uncountable and unforgettable, due that I experienced new in every leadership that I posting for. Responsibilities are just at our forefront and the moment we move forward it comes our way so we must be ready, so every experience that we take, took it as learning and a good endeavor to become a good leader not for other people but also for yourself.

Health Literacy Essay

I. Background Child wellness is an essential indicator of the quality of life in developing countries. Mothers literacy is often positively associated with improved child wellness and nutritional status (Glewwe, 1999). The possession of literacy increases the ability of a vex or a family to acquire more(prenominal) knowledge. Improvements in child wellness are considered as the consequences of enhanced of mothers knowledge. In short, literacy affects wellness, and wellness affects groomingal achievement (Grosse, 1989).Because the correlation between literacy, health, wealthiness and well-being is becoming increasingly important, it is crucial to include health literacy as skills required for an adult to function in a community (Kickbusch, 2001). health literacy has been recognise as a key outcome measure of health promotion interventions (Nutbeam, 1996). It can be categorized as basic/ operational health literacy, communicative/interactive health literacy and critical lite racy.Each train has different autonomy and personal empowerment. Individual attention is focused on developing the skills and authorization to make choices that enhance individual health outcomes (Nutbeam, 2000). As the risqueest level, critical literacy ideally pass on be achieved in which people have this capability to search for information, valuate the reliability of that information and use that information to have a better control over their health determinants (Nutbeam and Renkert, 2001).Following this health literacy concept, Nutbeam and Renkert (2001) define mothers health literacy as the cognitive and social skills which determine the motivation and ability of women to gain access to, understand and use the information in ways that win and maintain their health and that of their children. In terms of literacy, Indonesia has a relatively high of literacy rate of 90% (UNICEF, 2007).However, people with adequate literacy for dealing withfamiliar concepts and practices, such as household management can discover a considerable difficulty to understand unfamiliar issues, such as health care information (Kalichman and Rompa, 2000). For mothers, health literacy skills are important factors in predicting child health outcomes. Indonesia as a developing country still faces many child health problems. Infant, neonatal and under-5 mortality rate rate was relatively high (26, 17 and 34 per 1000 live births, respectively) in 2006.Child immunization coverage is still considerably low with rubeola coverage of 66. 2%, MCV (80%), DPT (75%) and hepatitis (74%) among one-year-olds (WHO, 2009). Many studies show that low literacy is related with several adverse health outcomes (DeWalt, 2004). One of the ways to improve child health is in all probability by improving mothers health literacy. Many recent studies have examined the impact of mothers health literacy on child health (Sandiford, 1995). However, there are few studies focused on the barriers to mothers h ealth literacy.This study provide investigate barriers are there to improve mothers health literacy on child health and find solutions might overcome the barriers. II. Objectives 1. To investigate the level of mothers health literacy in body politic of Aceh (functional, interactive or critical health literacy of mothers toward child health care, participation in child care programme in villages or sub districts, health seeking behaviours, efforts to gain access to health services). 2. To explore what barriers are there to improve mothers health literacy on child health 3.To tax solutions that might overcome the barriers in order to enhance mothers health literacy. 4. To create a model of intervention to improve motherlike health literacy III. Methodology This research go away be conducted in quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative methods will investigate the data about the mothers functional, interactive and critical health literacy toward the child health care, the utilisation of primary health care by mothers in terms of health seeking behaviour, child immunization coverage and observe of childrens nutritional status.The data will be collected by using structured questionnaires. The functional literacy will use the structured questionnaires of Test of in operation(p) wellness Literacy in Adults (TOFHLA) (Baker, 1999) and Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM) (Bass, 2003) while the interactive and critical health literacy questionnaires will be designed by modifying the existing researches that study of motherly health literacy. Then, the results will be categorized by scoring into Inadequate, Marginal and Adequate health literacy.Before the questionnaire is used for the investigation, the stiffness and reliability tests will be performed. In the qualitative stage, I will conduct personal interviews and focus group discussions to find out the barriers and solutions to improve maternal health literacy. Semi-structured pe rsonal interviews will be used for mothers and health care staff (physicians, nurses and mid wifes) from villages and sub-district health services. Respondents will be interviewed individually and privacy will be maintained during the interview.For focus group discussions, they will be purposively selected to ensure the maximum variation to ensure a diversity of views about barriers to improve mothers health literacy at heart the sample. For each group, sign contact will be made by a gatekeeper such as co-ordinator of village mothers association, wife of head of village and village midwife. All groups will be facilitated by the researcher, recorded with the participants permission and will be fully transcribed.Sampling strategy participant will be recruited from women who have children (younger or older children) in disparate geographical areas (social/cultural/ethnic mix) to look for contextual difference and from different level of education (no education, basic, advanced and hi gher education). The sample will be recruited purposively from the population data of department of health in Aceh. Women who are willing to participate, speak every Indonesia or Acehnese, and are articulate will be purposively selected for the qualitative study. For the quantitative study, respondents will be selected using the multi-stage random sampling method.All respondent selected will be assured that participation is voluntary. Data analysis The recorded interviews will be transcribed word for word into the language of the interview (Bahasa Indonesia, but Acehnese will be used as many people in rural areas cannot speak bahasa) and then translated into English. Categories for analysis of data will be identified at the beginning. The transcripts will be analyzed and allocated from each subject to various categories. Data will then be analyzed according to these categories. The quantitative data will be analized using SPSS statistical software version 19.0 (SPSS, Inc, Chicago, I ll). IV. Significance Indonesia is a developing country with a population of nearly 250 million. Low literacy and high fertility coupled with poor economy translates into high morbidity and mortality. Women and children are the most vulnerable segments in terms of health. It is important to improve maternal health literacy and other factors related to health services in order to increase child health care. It is a multi sector program that involves many stake holders including health department, medical education and community.It is important for medical education institution to educate their graduations of health promotion and health education against the current trend of medical education that is more likely to be a curative and specialist view. V. Others USA is a developed country and well known for its repu evade universities especially for open health subjects. Health system in the US is different from Indonesia that will allow me to learn more about health education especiall y maternal health literacy in the US health system. The project will be conducted in three years. The detail of timeline can be found in the table below. Table 1.The timeline of research No Years Year 1 Year 2 MonthsTasks 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 Refine research question 2 Preparation of proposal 3 Literature review and process the local and university honest issues 4 Produce the questioners 5 Data collection 6 Data analysis .No Years Year 3 MonthsTasks 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 Data analysis (continued) 8 Writing initial draft 9 Proof reading 10 Revision and hand in References Baker DW, Williams MV, Parker RM, Gazmararian JA, Nurss J. Development of a brief test to measure functional health literacy. Patient Education and Counseling. 1999, 3833-42. Bass PF , Wilson JF, and Grif breakh CH.A Shortened Instrument for Literacy Screening. Journal of General interior Medicine. 2003,181036-1038. Glewwe. P. Why does mothers tuition raise child health in developing countries? evidence from Morocco. The Journal of Human Resources. 1999 34 (1) 124 159. Grosse R. N. Literacy and health status in developing counties. Annual reexamination Public Health. 1989 34 281 97. Kickbusch I. S. Health literacy addressing the health and education divide. Health Promotion International. 2001 16 (3) 289 97. Nutbeam D.Achieving best practice in health promotion improving the fit between research and practice. Health Education Research. 1996 11 (3) 317 26. Nutbeam D. Health literacy as a public health goal a challenge for contemporary health education and communication strategies into the 21st century. Health Promotion International. 2000 15 (3) 259 67. Nutbeam D and Renkert S. Opportunities to improve maternal health literacy through antenatal education an exploratory study. Health Promotion International. 2001 16 (4) 38 88. Kalichman S. C and Rompa D.Functional health literacy is associated with health status and health-related knowledge in people living with HIV-AIDS. Journal of Acquired Immune insufficiency Syndromes. 2000 25 337 44. The World Health Organization (WHO). WHO Statistical Information System (WHOSIS) for Indonesia. 2009. Retrieved on Jan 7, 2009. Available from http//www. who. int/whosis/data/Search. jsp? indicators=Indicator. Members DeWalt D. A et. al. Literacy and health outcomes. Journal of General Internal Medicine. 2004 19 1228 39. Sandiford P, Cassel J, Montenegro M and Sanchez G.The impact of womens literacy on child health and its interaction with access to health services. Population Investigation Committee. 1995 49 (1) 5 17. Health Canada. Toward a Healthy Future Second Report on the Health of Canadians. 1999. Retrieved Jan 7, 2009. Available from http//www. phac-aspc. gc. ca/ph-sp/report-rapport/tow ard/pdf/toward_a_healthy_english. PDF Provincial health office Aceh obligation. Health profile of Aceh province in 2007. Banda Aceh-Indonesia. 2007. Rahmad Y. 2008, menurunkan angka kematian ibu dan bayi.The Globe Journal Banda Aceh. 2008. Retrieved Jan 8, 2009. Available from http//www. theglobejournal. com/detilberita. php? id=1586 Serambi news, Di aceh masih banyak perempuan buta huruf. Serambi Indonesia. 2/12/2008. Retrieved Jan 8, 2009. Available from http//www. serambinews. com/old/index. php? aksi=bacaberita&beritaid=59771&rubrik=1&topik=13 The United Nation Childrens Fund (UNICEF). Statistics rudimentary Indicator for Indonesia. 2007. Retrieved on Jan 7, 2009. Available from http//www. unicef. org/infobycountry/indonesia_statistics. html.

“A Taste of Honey” by Shelagh Delaney

In writing, A druthers of Honey in the year 1958, what cushion did Shelagh Delaney desire to leave on her audience members and what face of technique did she use in connecting them?Shelagh Deleney wrote her plays for the upper and middle classed of people where individuals could find the scenes completely opposite to what they were well-known(prenominal) with and saw everyday in society.Delaney didnt focus on families being what everyone conceived them as, where the family consisted of the head of the household or the dad, establishing for the family in order to earn a living and then the mother who stayed at home and cooked and cleaned and tended to the children.We learn at 123HelpMe.com that Shelagh Delaney tells us that, (p.1) The stereotypical play was where the men worked and the women stayed at home, cleaning and cooking.Delaney wanted to stick out something entirely different to her audience and she used her vivid imagination to shock her audience members with families t hat were entirely, untraditional.A Taste of Honey (back cover) offers to enlighten us that, A Taste of Honey is a sensational theatrical success in London. A Taste of Honey was written by Shelagh Delaney at the age of 18.The play prompted graham Greene to say that it had all the freshness of Mr. Osbornes Look Back in Anger and a longer maturity. Delaneys play was successful because of her originality.Delaney is compared to another great writer and is even paid the compliment that her writing is more than mature than that of someone who is more experienced in the writing field and who is much erstwhile(a) than Delaney.Delaneys writing style was mature because she wished to connect with her audience members and to achieve that she found it necessary to write with maturity and on topics that would appeal to those members who viewed her play.In the first manage of Delaneys play it opens up with two character entering a room, carrying their belongings. (P. 1) Book Rags teaches us th at, The scene opens in a shabby apartment in Manchester, England, in 1956. Helen and her teenage daughter, Jo, enter loaded with bags. Helen is described as a semi-prostitute, but her men are her only known source of financial support.Delaney excessively writes that, The Boy is a black sailor who appears briefly, professing love for Jo.He asks her to marry him and gives her a ring. They spend a week together during Christmas, but then he leaves for a six month tour at sea. The young author is able to demonstrate an extremely adult situation in an era where this type of behavior was not accepted in connecting with her audience and gaining their complete and undivided attention.To connect more closely with her viewers, Delaney used scenes that depicted more mature sheath matter, in catching and maintaining their attention of the scenes in the play.Did Delaneys audience respect her work as she linked with their personalities? We learn in her biography that a strike out said, After s eeing the first production of Shelagh Delaneys A Taste of Honey in May 1958, Lindsay Anderson said of the play in Encore To chew up as we do about new working-class audiences, about plays that will interpret the common experiences of today-all this is one thing and a good thing too.It is unpatterned that Delaney cast a spell on her audience while reeling them in and capturing their full attention. They go on further to mention about the play, A work of complete, exhilarating originality. Delaney gained tremendous acceptance with her play and many individuals viewed and thought there was nothing else like the work that Delaney provided.Susan Whitehead offers that, But, how much better even, how much more exciting, to find such theatre suddenly here, suddenly sprung up under our feet(p. 55-60) Delaney offered an exciting escape from reality in her play where people could gather and contact in the scenes that Delaney offered for entertainment in order to grasp the affection of her a udience.A Taste of Honey is full of situations where the author left her audience in a gasp at her incredible imagination and thoughts on what life would be like if it were flip-flopped to something that was completely different than one would ever guess it to be.She is remarkable in her attempt to form situations that impress upons ones theories and attitudes toward rules in society.

Will Moller Analysis

A Rhetorical Analysis of for observe Mollers Those Who Live in Glass Houses Cheating, in all forms, is considered deceitful and wrong. However, throng still do it hoping the end result is an A on an exam or a better performance, in an athletes case. Cheating in itself is like an addiction and follows a domino effect. Once one athlete decides to use steroids, others follow in their footsteps hoping to perform at a higher level. thither have always been several athletes who choose to cheat for their own benefit and personal glory.As a result, those athletes are looked down upon for imposture the game and the fans. Nonetheless, people smash to understand the outside factors that influence great athletes such as Barry Bonds and Ben Johnson to use performance enhancing medicates. In his May 5, 2009 article Those Who Live in Glass Houses Will Moller, blog writer for The Yankees $, argues that that performance-enhancing drugs should be permissible because the majority of good professio nal baseball game game players are forced to take steroids and such, as a result of baseball fans placing players on a base to perform beyond their capacity.Moller makes a good point that fans have some responsibility for athletes cheating because of the pressure fans place on them to perform at an enormously high level however, there are other liable parties as well, including coaches, players, and the NCAA drug polity system as a whole. One of the primary reasons for athletes using performance-enhancing drugs is because of the fans animalistic desire for great entertainment. This actually causes athletes to want to perform at the highest level possible and stand out as great icons to the fans.To support his implication, Moller uses the pathos appeal, as he presents an analogy, of his personal experience as a student who was forced to use Ritalin because he struggled with the nasty and competitive academic work assigned to him. Mollers reaction to his choice was that he did w hat he felt he needed to do, to accomplish the goal that was demanded from him, despite understanding the unplayful side effects, magnifying his senses in a very negative way. Nonetheless, academic success outweighed the bad side effects.Similarly, college and professional athletes are placed on a pedestal that urges them to accomplish success, win championships, and set unbreakable records. He also appeals to reasoning by recognizing that athletes should not be severely misjudged as cheaters for using performance enhancing drug use because they wish to perform better for their fans. There are other outside factors that also pressure players to cheat. Coaches extreme pressure towards their players to perform at a high level indirectly encourages athletes to use steroids and develop more strength.Notre Dame coach Lou Holtz was believed to be a primary cause for his players using anabolic steroids during the deeply 1980s and early 1990s. Steve Huffman, a former linebacker, claimed co ach Holtz put him in this situation because he once criticized the injured star during a team patois by stating that Huffman let everybody in this room down if he quit. In addition, Holtz threatened to rescind Huffmans scholarship and showed no remorse or care for Huffman and the consist of the players during the losing season. Coaches who exert a strong mental toughness are perceived as good leaders who may lead their team to overall success.However, fans and the media do not recognize that tough love can have a burden on players, physically and emotionally. A coach, who constantly scolds players instead of guiding them, is tortuously leading players to use performance-enhancing drugs in hope of easing the burden and accomplishing what everyone around them selfishly wants. Coach Holtz practiced such coaching methods and as a result, shoal officials admitted that during the 1986 season five players tested positive for anabolic steroid use. Aside from coaches, the feeble NCAA dr ug policy system also influences players to cheat.The use of performance-enhancing drugs is undeniably over some(prenominal) more prevalent than it is generally acknowledged to be because of the weak policy regulations. Welch Suggs, an American collegiate sportswriter for The Chronicle of Higher Education, claims steroid use is rampant(ip) among college-level players. A senate panel spoke to a former college football athlete, who choose to remain anonymous, claimed that despite gaining twenty pounds and dropping his 40-yard dash time to 4. 5 seconds, his coaches urged him and umpteen other players to gain even more weight and become stronger.People may be asking themselves how players are able to avoid the NCAA random drug policy tests. The former college football star argues that the policy is weak, however, and fairly predictable, with the drug tests falling in roughly the same period of time every year (Suggs). The weak enforcement gives athletes a greater motivation to begin u sing performance-enhancing drugs. Don Catlin, a professor of molecular and medical pharmacology at UCLA, oversees and examines drug scrutiny for the NCAA and believes it is not aggressive enough, but thats society and the mind-set. The dollars just arent there (Suggs).Fans, coaches, the NCAA, and society as a whole are responsible for encouraging cheating and drug use. People are not taking the matter seriously and as a result, steroids and other drugs are tardily available for athletes to purchase online, in the streets, or maybe even from their coaches. In fact, Charles Grassley, the former Iowa Republican chairman of the caucus, showed the NCAA senate panel online auctions on eBay for Winstrol and Dianabol, which are commonly prescribed steroids. Ultimately, the fact that drug testing policies are so weak is practically asking players to use performance-enhancing drugs and cheat the game.Fans, coaches, and the weak NCAA drug policy may influence players to use steroids, but the net decision is left to the athlete. Just as everyone is responsible for their choices, players must decide whether they wish to cheat, just as Moller had. The option to cheat in academics or sports is easily available, despite most people not realizing it. In a March 1st, 2010 blog in Sports Illustrated, Cheating and CHEATING writer Joe Posnanski argues that the beautiful game of baseball and other sports has always existed, despite people claiming that it has not or that baseball has become corrupt due to steroid and amphetamine use.He begins by introducing author Pete Hamill, a novelist, who believes that the game of baseball was at its finest, prior to performance enhancing drug use. To develop his argument, Posnanski concedes to the opposition first by praising Pete Hamills romantic novels and later criticizes Hamills willful self-deceit by naively believing that drug use is not common in America and American baseball, as a instrument of cheating. Posnanski understand that b aseball like all other sports was never innocent, that America was never innocent, that innocence itself was never innocent (Posnanski).Posnanski concedes first to show his respect by demonstrating his own character. In doing this, he is able to highlight the significant accomplishments in baseball history that have occurred due to amphetamine usage. In addition, Posnanski claims that steroids are much more readily available today than in the past. But cheating has always existed, in all forms. The fans, the coaches, and the NCAA itself are all responsible for willful self-deception as well, for having influenced players to begin using performance-enhancing drugs but believing steroid use is not rampant in college-level and professional sports.Fans are not entirely responsible for athletes cheating in college-level and professional sports. However they are one of many factors that contribute to players using performance-enhancing drugs. Athletes, fans, coaches, and the weak NCAA dug policy and enforcement may all get hold an athletes choice to cheat however, the players themselves must be accountable for their choices. Illicit drug use has negative side effects that can be harmful to athletes. But the desire to perform at a high level, break scoring records, win games, and championships is an always tempting just as it is to get an A on an exam.Works Cited Huffman, Steve. I Deserve My Turn. Sports Illustrated. Time Inc. , 27 Aug. 1990. Web. 14 Nov. 2012 Moller, Will. Those Who Live in Glass Houses. The Yankees $. N. p. , 5 May, 2009. Web. 14 Nov. 2012 Posnanski, Joe. Cheating and CHEATING. Sports Illustrated. Time Inc. , 1 Mar. 2010. Web. 14 Nov. 2012 Suggs, Welch. Steroids Are Rampant Among College Athletes, a Senate Panel Is Told. The Chronicle of Higher Education. 50. 46 (2004) A33. ProQuest. Web. 14 Nov. 2012

Of Mice and Men Discuss in detail the lives of the itinerant ranch-hands in the novel Essay

Discuss in detail the lives of the itinerant ranch-hands in the novel. Why is the intake farm so important to the novel?Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck is an emotional novel, set in the 1930s, where two friends try to achieve their dream in the cruel cadence of the great depression in California, America. The W all t emeritus Street crash was a massive set back in American industries, cultivate was made very limited, so the work force had to travel from job to job, to make a living.Lennie Small and George Milton like many men during this unprofit open time in the American economy roam from job to job. Men like these argon called itinerant. As George stated, Guys like us that work on ranches are the loneliest guys in the population. This statement is true because these men never have a place called home, because they are always on the move. This also means they have no time to develop a family or friends. Real friendships are hard to come by, because most of the men that work on these ranches are secretive and try to celebrate their pasts private in case they reveal whateverthing that could get them canned (sacked). Meaning if they cant reveal their history because of fear, they will never be able to make true friends.On the ranch George and Lennie spend most of their spare time in the bunk house. Many of the men dont socialize they just keep themselves private, this also combines with the lack of woman company to create a lonely atmosphere on the ranch. in any case the men are caught up in a never ending cycle of doing a months physical labour and spending most of their earnings releasing all their frustration at whore houses. So many men come to these ranches with this idea that they will work for a couple of months, save up capital and get their own little piece of land but end up blowing all their money on drink and prostitutes. As Crooks said, I seen h chthoniands of men come by on the road an on the ranches, Hunderds of them an every damn one of ems got a little piece of land in his head. An never a God damn one of em ever gets it. From this you can see how common it was for men just like George and Lennie to depend on this dream, to give them this false hope that they might just escape this lifestyle one day. Crooks is so mocking of this dream farm because since he has never seen a man accomplish this feat, he doubts whether a man has enough determination to ever achieve it.In addition, ranch hands that are overly old get canned. This makes Candy on edge because he feels that because he is seen as useless on the ranch since of the loss of his hand, his job is becoming more and more insecure the older he gets.On the ranch a lot of violence is shown to Crooks just because of the colour of his skin. The ranch hands also humiliate Crooks by making him sleep with the horses.George and Lennie are unlike most ranch hands as they travel together which is most unusual among ranch workers. As George says, I seen the guys that go a round on the ranches alone. That own(prenominal)t no good. They dont have fun. From this you can tell that they have, unlike other ranch hands, soul they can confide in. This gives them a strength that the other men do not have.It is obvious that the dream farm means a lot to George and Lennie because it gives them some hope that they might escape this endless lifestyle. Also if they lived on their own ranch they would be free to do as they please and not comprehend to no one else but themselves. The farm symbolises freedom to George and Lennie, as they would be able to choose when they would like to work and who they wanted to employ, An live on the fatta the lan. Also it would be their own harvest they are harvesting, not someone elses. So it would be all their own profit. This idea of freedom appeals to Crooks and Candy because both of them are alienated on the ranch, Crooks because of the colour of his skin and Candy because of his age and disability. They see the dream farm a s a chance to be equal workers.The dream farm is similar to the American Dream because the American Dream is people living by their own rules to get what they want in life. The farm is a perfect example of this because George and Lennie would live by their own rules to earn a living.Curleys wife had her vision of the American Dream. Hers was to be a Hollywood star, to be in the movies. This, whilst being an appealing and glamorous life, isnt what the dream was about. The life she wanted would not be lived by her rules, she would have had to work to deadlines and always under threat from other actresses taking her job.Unfortunately George and Lennie cannot grasp their dream because of Lennies ability to get himself into bad situations. Unluckily for Lennie this time it proved to be mortal for him. You cant keep a job and you lose me ever job I get. Jus keep me shovin all over the country all the time. An that aint the worst. You get in trouble. You do bad things and I got to get you out. Lennie, as George states has always preventing him from advancing upwards in the world, because he has always been too much of a responsibility for George who can never have faith that Lennie wont get in trouble again.

Ethics of stem cell research Essay

The employment of humans immature obeisance cubicles is a significant breakthrough in the filed of biomedical look. The capability to isolate, culture, harvest and assure stem cells presents a huge potential to generate new cells that will technically replace non-functional or degenerate cells in a patients body. Such revolutionary technology may mayhap serve as a new treatment method for incurable and debilitating distempers. Amidst the excitement at bottom the scientific world for the promises stem cell enquiry brings, there is a growing contest on the ethics that are associated with this novel technology.The collection and manipulation of embryologic stem cells in the laboratory is strung-out on the destruction of embryos. Such procurement of biological material therefore warrants the termination of an embryo which right off represents the very beginning of a human being (Robertson, 1999 Leies, 2005). Society has thus questioned whether the scientific world has treat the absolute value of life in exchange for excellence in biomedical look. In a publisher article from the Washington post entitled Clash over stem cell research heats up, Rick Weiss (2006) describes how stem cell research is perceived by two sides of the issue.Both sides give way crisply used the media in helping them air out their concerns and excitement, respectively, over the use of embryonic stem cells. The newspaper article was written and published a few days before the Senate would meet to determine the mess of embryonic stem cell research in the United States. The stem cell research bill was initially reviewed in 2001 and indicated that research efforts on embryonic stem cells in the United States will non be funded due to ethical reasons.This new bill will thus take control of the 2001 confinement and will therefore allow funding of research programs on embryonic stem cells that have been created as of August 2001. The bill aims to preserve and protect human embryos from their destruction, yet several scientific groups have claimed that this limitation has hampered their research efforts on regenerative medicine, and has also resulted in the lag of research out pull. More importantly, other countries that are non restricted from performing embryonic stem cell research have gained a 5-years worth of research advantage over the United States.The controversy regarding the ethical issues of embryonic stem cell research impacts the built-in human population. Each individual in the society has a susceptibility to contract a disease that might possibly need the use of stem cells that can replace defective ones in the body. We have heard of a number of universal figures that have suffered from diseases that could have been resolved through the use of embryonic stem cells. The late former President Ronal Reagan suffered from Alzheimers disease and the late actor Christopher Reeve experience spinal cord injury.Both of these individuals are prime ex amples of people who could have benefited from the results of embryonic stem cell research. Stem cells may be cultured and manipulated to assortediate into specific types of cells such as astrocytes or school principal cells for Alzheimers patients, and neural cells for patients with spinal cord injury (Snow, 2003). However, nothing has been done since 2001 because the federal government has put a hold on any research activities that involves stem cell manipulation and experimentation.A source to current debate on the ethical issues associated with embryonic stem cell research is the comprehensive history of the definition of embryonic stem cells. It is imperative that the non-scientific public chthonicstand the principles and techniques behind the generation of embryonic stem cells. It is also important that the public know that harvesting embryonic stem cells is not much different from abortion. It is also essential to understand that the body of a human female biologically d estroys or discards one C of eggs cells through the natural course.The scientific group, in turn, should be patient enough to explain the cranial orbit of embryonic stem cell research. I think that the ethical debate on the use of embryonic stem cells for research originates mainly from the miscommunication, misunderstanding and misrepresentation of the concept of embryonic stem cells. In addition, the public only relies on the information that is released by senators and stem cell research activists, who have actually twisted the concept of stem cell research.Should the scientific world be humble enough to example the bedrock of stem cell research, including the misnomers and benefits of the research, the ethical debate on this issue would decrease and might even vanish. The debate on the ethical issues of stem cell research is just one of several topics that have been under intense scrutiny by the public eye. Other issues of human concern include the employment of genetically modified organisms (GMO), organic foods, genetic engineering and biotechnology.It should be known that these technological innovations were basically created to improve the superior of life and not to destroy existing life forms. Everything that interacts with human beings has its benefits and disadvantages, yet these biomedical breakthroughs are the familiar focus of attention of the public. However, if we weigh the benefits and risks of stem cell research, we will realize that the benefits of stem cell research far outweighs the disadvantages that may result from the use of this technology.We should always remember that decades ago, so many lives were lost from bacterial infection because antibiotics were not discovered yet. Today, antibiotics are a common treatment regime for bacterial infections, which is a huge benefit to human health, but it also has resulting in the creation of drug-resistant strains of bacteria. The same setting may also be observed in terms of stem cell r esearch, but we should intelligently exact both sides of the technology.

The Increasingly Complex World of air Travel

In the increasely interlinking world of tune motivate, the sprain of the ambience job engageler is becoming increasingly vital. It is the task of these professionals to curb the safety device of all send off passengers and personnel by coordinating the governing body of aircraft leaving and arriving at the airport. With increasing amounts of aircraft and narrower margins between arrival and departure times, it is becoming increasingly primaeval to carefully coordinate and control air traffic.Generally, air traffic controllers serve under the national Aviation Administration (FAA). This agency is part of the Federal Government. The nature of the job, as menti iodined above, is complex and requires precise cooperation of a team. The radar associate controller for example organizes flying plans to ensure that more than than one aircraft does not schedule arrival and/or departure times for the analogous period.When a finicky teams airspace is left, responsibility for it s flight path and safe arrival is delegated to the following control team. Other elements that need to be taken into account in terms of continued flight safety include weather conditions and other aircraft in the vicinity. Coordination therefore needs to meticulous not only indoors each control team, but also between different airport teams and the pilots themselves.Being involved in air traffic control requires a particular set of skills in employees. The ability to make cursorily decisions needs to be complimented with unaccented thinking and memory skills. Furthermore, air traffic controllers need to be super skilled in electronic communicatings equipment, along with the necessary articulate skills to communicate necessary entropy quickly and clearly to pilots (U.S. Dept. of Labor, 2006).The stallion system is overseen by the Air Traffic Control Systems Command Center, locate in Herndon, VA. Several air traffic controllers work here in coordinating the management of the e ntire air traffic control system. The Center is burdened with the task of identifying any problems such as bottlenecks or time table problems in the system. These problems are then solved with an appropriate management plan. This overall managing frame provides the air traffic controllers under them with the necessary management strategies to facilitate their complex task (U.S. Dept. of Labor, 2006).In lay to further simplify the complexity of air traffic control by toy withs of management, the National air space System (NAS) Architecture is an automated system implemented by the FAA. This long-term strategic plan is aimed at increased efficiency in air traffic control by helping employees in their work with increased air traffic. Through NAS Architecture, the FAA and the aviation community are enabled to continue plans and discussions relating to modernization in the system.It is clear that in truth complex management systems are needed to create a safe and secure travel experie nce for all passengers and personnel using air traffic. Managerial accounting is a vitally burning(prenominal) part of this process. If adequate accounting systems are not in place, air traffic control open firenot perhaps function either efficiently or adequately. Efficient accounting systems are therefore a very substantial part of management in air traffic control systems. Several systems are in place to facilitate toll accounting in the profession.The Cost and Performance Management Charter (C/PM) is one of these systems. Its vision includes strategies to increase the efficiency of operations through measurement and information for easier decision making. On an executive director level, accountability for the success of the organization is shared by all leaders deep down each office of the air traffic control system.In terms of mendment, employees are encouraged to identify possibilities for improvement within the workplace and the system as a whole. Such encouragement occurs through rewards for identifying such improvement opportunities. This includes areas where pecuniary imagination can be more efficiently applied to improve the process of air traffic control. The works conditions of employees are furthermore do as pleasant as possible by informing individuals of their particular contribution to the general goals of the organization within which they function. This ensures that employees provide their workplace with more value through an ground of how such value occurs through their work. The understanding of value also provides employees with a higher level of gaiety and pride in their work, and the number of valuable employees leaving their work for reasons other than retirement is reduced. This helps to reduce the cost of hiring new employees and the concomitant training costs.Performance improvements like those mentioned above entail certain costs and resource allocations in order to optimize such improvements. The role of C/PM entails a framework for the desegregation of goals, think and budgeting in the initial phases, while outputs, results and activities for achieving the planned outcomes are monitored on a continuous basis. C/PM therefore plays the dual role of planning and implementing strategies while also monitoring the results of the initial planning setups. In short, money is related to the results achieved. Resources are to be determinationd effectively and efficiently in accomplishing the relegating of air traffic control.What this means specifically for air traffic controllers, is that each individual is to be made aware of his or her particular role in ensuring the safety of all air traffic practisers. In terms of cost accounting, the work situation and abilities of each employee should be taken into account when planning resources use issues. Overtime pay incentives and personnel shortages should for example not take precedence over the general wellness of employees making use of overtime oppor tunities. The health of air traffic controllers is of vital concern for the mission of air traffic safety. If a personnel member is not healthy, he or she is a safety risk, and no cost-cutting strategy should be used at the risk of safety.Labor is therefore one of the most important aspects of cost accounting for the FAA. Air traffic control is a fairly well-compensated job. Benefits include overtime pay, and the on the job(p) conditions are pleasant. At approximately 78% of the FAAs operations costs, labor makes up around 45% of the Agencys sum of money costs. It is therefore important to ensure that these funds are applied in an effective and efficient expression that ensures the optimal safety of all air traffic users.In ensuring one of the primary objectives of the FAA, namely air safety, air traffic controllers are the Agencys most important business asset. Nevertheless, it is also true that there has been check specific visibility regarding key projects within the industry . This means that little monitoring has taken place on the actual time spent on these projects, the labor hours provided, and the quality of the outcomes. If an efficient cost accounting system (CAS) is to be implemented, it is certainly necessary to improve cost and transaction management and incentives within the air traffic control industry.A newly implement labor distribution reporting system give improve visibility by obliging all involved, from executives to employees, to report on the actual time spent on projects and tasks. This will give a clearer account of actual costs, cognitive operation and outcomes, providing managers with opportunities to make improvements where necessary. In the process heretofore it is also important to keep in mind a non-threatening management system. Employees, as seen above, should be specifically informed of the necessity and benefits of any newly implemented system to facilitate the transition and change necessary. alter the CAS will resul t in a wagerer understanding and management of overall costs, thus providing better control of cost growth. This is sound business, as cost growth control will also mean price control and an increase in the customer base. Existing customers will also be more likely to return if they experience a continuous effort by management to maintain the last(a) possible air travel costs while ensuring optimal safety standards.The ABA is the corporate leader that monitors and reviews the performance of the FAA. Performance information is then used to identify possible areas of improvement. A two-way system of communication is therefore provided from the topmost level of management through to the most basic of employees. The system of reward rather than punishment for identifying areas of possible improvement is also a great incentive for employees to remain open in their communication to management. A non-threatening system of communication regarding labor performance reporting and other suc h implementations will also help to maintain visibility on the true costs and outcomes of certain projects.While it is important to maintain open communication channels in almost all organizational setups, it is seldom as vitally important as in the air traffic control industry. It should always be at the forefront of attention of all involved that lives are at stake. A single mistake can result in great tragedy. All employers and employees in the industry should therefore constantly be sagaciously aware of the fact that communication and improvement are continuously required.Communication is the most important key aspect in the air traffic control industry. It is vitally important that employees in this profession use their communication skills efficiently and accurately (U.S. Dept. of Labor, 2006). In terms of cost and management, these skills are valuable assets in optimizing the performance of the industry.When communication is accurately used, costs and outcomes can be managed in such a way as to optimize the experience not only of air traffic users, but also of all employees and managers in the industry.

Genetically Modified Food Essay

According to the U.S Department of Agriculture, alike cognise as USDA, in the linked States more than 90% of soy sauces, cotton, corn, and certain other crops atomic number 18 genetically engineered. GMOs be organisms that are introduced into plants or aggregate to alter their DNA. Their main purpose is to create food that can withstand many different environments and climates. The trouble with GMOs is that they have been shown to create health problems. For example, some substances have been shown to increase allergies and the risk of cancer. This is a spacious problem for our country right now but what is being done? Do people sincerely know that GMOs are in their food? The US government should impose stricter regulations on genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) because GMOs have not been properly studyd. They pose numerous health risks to the consumers and large GMO corporations care whole about the bottom lineprofitsand do not have the consumers best recreate in mind .Regulations of GMOs have always been an issue from the very beginning. Since the Regan days, federal regulatory efforts have governed by what is known as the Coordinated Framework for regulation of Biotechnology. The Coordinated Framework of Biotech believes in the idea that overseeing GMOs requires no juvenile laws. An example of poor regulation method is the new genetically modified (GM) type of Kentucky bluegrass that will be able to withstand the Roundup herbicide. The Approval was admitted by the US Department of Agriculture. The Plant Pest coiffe is the only regulation available to control GM crops. Which means that the USDA has no obligation to foil GM Crops, the courts have no way of intervening an the biotech industry can do whatever it wants with suddenly no oversight at all. According to Doug Gurian-Sherman, senior scientist at the Union of Concerned Scientists Food and surround Program, the documents released by the USDAs Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service ( APHIS) along with the annunciation portend a major change in how the feds will deal with genetically modified crops.(Philpott,Tom) notwithstanding though a percentage of consumers believe that there should be stronger regulations on GMOs food the other fractional believes that genetically modified food should not be banned but closely monitored.(Meade, Conner) Conor Meade an Ecology prof at the National University of Ireland, Maynooth believes that the assessment of the ecological risk posed by GM is a crowing idea. With environmental and health concerns over GM Food, there has not been any scientific evidence that has refractory that they are not safe. This is the counter argument for why there should be continuing research on GM foods in the United States. We should not ban GM research but continue to investigate the health risk factors that GMO foods pose to the consumers.There is an argument that states that Genetically Engineered Crops will feed the world, Jeffrey Scott. Bel ieves Genetic technology Is Natural and Should Be persuade. Coker further states In the United States and elsewhere, more than 90% of soybeans, cotton, corn, and certain other crops are Already genetically engineered, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Another example is Bt technology, which involves plants producing a protein from Bacillus thuringiensis, a bacterium that is ototoxic to most insects. In Hawaii, for example, genetically engineered papaya trees have rescued the entire papaya industry. Researchers at the University of California-Riverside and the International Rice Research Institute have created varieties of rice that can withstand being settle underwater for almost two weeks, which can save crops during years of flooding. Genetic engineering will earmark crops of the future to be better tasting, more nutritious, more tolerant of environmental stresses, and less allergenic. Foods will also last longer before spoiling, allowing food to be distributed more easily.Biotech industries claim that genetically engineered (GE) crops will back up agriculture become mores sustainable and help stop world hunger. In reality, most GE crops are designed to allow more herbicides, such as Monsabtos Roundup, which causes local farmers to use more toxic herbicides, not less. A 2010 Chemical Research in Toxicology study found that glyphosate-basedherbicides caused highly abnormal deformities and neurologic problems in vertebrates. Another study found that glyphosate caused DNA damage to human cells even at glare exposure levels than recommended by the herbicides manufacturer.( Debra A. Miller) By 2009, nearly all (93 percent) U.S. soybeans and four-fifths (80 percent) of corn cultivated were great(p) from seeds covered by Monsanto patents. Biotech corn seed prices increased 9 percent annually between 2002 and 2008 soybean seed prices rose 7 percent annually. By 2009, Roundup Ready soybean seeds cost twice as much as conventional seeds. Which makes you think how will developing countries afford the seeds or even weigh GM seeds because of the health risk. Biotech companies also sued farmers that allegedly violated their patents. By 2007, Monsanto had filed 112 lawsuits against U.S. farmers for patent infringement, recovering between $85.7 and $160.6 million. Biotech companies are not solving the problem but inly making it worse. (Ed. Debra A. Miller)

Methods of Research

Price Scientist conducts enquiry on a daily basis. The tendency of this research is exploration, description, exposition, and masking. In the argona of criminal nicety things are getting researched all of the time. Take writ of execution for voice, the police have to explore to find out what actually happened. They have to describe the events leading up the the murder. They have to explain the facts to try and come up with a suspect. Finally, they have to phthisis the process of application to put it all together so they can make an arrest.When using the different use of goods and servicess of research it Is central to examine each purpose by Itself because each purpose has Its own different aspect when It comes to research design. The exploration give Is the first tip that researchers begin with when using research methods. This stage is typically make for three purposes to satisfy the researcher does curiosity and desires for better understand, to test the feasibility o f undertaking a more than extensive study, and to develop the methods to be employed in any subsequent studies. (Grossman, 2014) A researcher willing use the exploration take of research when they want to find out about something that there is light known about. Take drugs for example lets say a researcher wants to find out how bad the drug task is in the United States. There are a couple categories that a researcher whitethorn want to explore. Such as how many were arrested for drug sales or possession each social class and how many hours per day do drug dealers work and how much do they make? (Misfield & Babble, 2009) The next purpose of research is description. The researcher explores and then describes what they explored.For example the U. S. Census, the goal of the census Is to describe accurately and precisely some(prenominal) characteristics of the U. S. Population, including race/ethnicity, age, sex, household size, and income. (Grossman, 2014) The description stage is widely used in the criminal Justice field. For example it is used to describe a certain crime problem that a certain city or state may be having. It can be used to measure how much burglary is committed in the city of Joplin, Missouri. The descriptive stage is used to answer the questions what, when, where, and how something happened.The third stage of research is the explanation stage. The explanation stage attempts to describe why something happened. The description and the explanation stages work together. The descriptive stage explains what happened the explanation stage explains why It happened. Take the burglary rate In Joplin the descriptive stage tells you how much burglary Is committed and the explanation stage will tell you why burglary is committed in Joplin. Application research evaluation and policy and problem analysis. An example would be determining whether a program designed to reduce burglary actually had the intended effect. (Maxwell & Babble, 2009) outlaw Ju stice organizations gather all their research from exploration, description, and explanation in the application process to come up with a conclusion for all their research. There are four different stages of research that the criminal Justice organizations use to find answers to things that are unknown and also to find out the what, where, when how, and why things happen. Most researches that are done contain all four stages of research. For example take auto theft. A researcher would use the exploration stage to learn about the case.

Intrinsic Motivation and Team Communication Essay

The greatest concern of the companies after(prenominal) recession is how to bring out the best in the employees with less funds and poor market response. Since the market is demanding more for less, companies are now forced to sell products at reduced margins. This state of affairs shows that the proverbial employee engagement policy through extrinsic rewards cannot be implemented under such situation. Moreover, the sales graphical record is getting down on one hand, while the competition is getting stiffer.Therefore, the best (and perhaps only) weft lying before the companies is to adopt the intrinsic demand policy, which does not involve monetary reward. However, it is always snarled to break away from the convention, since the application of extrinsic rewards to engage the employees has become commonplace. Yet there is hope, if the findings of the researchers regarding the mechanism of motivation have anything to go by. The Guiding LightEven in 1985, researchers equal Deci a nd Ryan (1985) used attribution opening and suggested that humans constantly reassess the reasons for their behavior besides others. Before that, Lepper et al. (1973) had observed that extrinsic reward (money) acts as a tool for reinforcement, which actually generates two effects for the management, like chance oning control over activity or fastening the process, and two, the backlash effect in absence of reinforcement. The example below would explain it betterA group or an individual gets a reward of x amount of money for a time period y, where x+y=m, m being the increased rate of production. Before that, the situation was y=z where production was z. Now in the absence of reinforcement and with the influence of attribution theory, the situation would stand like y-x = n, where n z. This clearly goes against the basic reason for motivating the employees, i. e. , to enhance the profit of the organization. This also shows that something is missing, which could have compete cataly st in between, and that something is love for work.The modern researchers have picked up the issue right from here. struggle occurs when an employee connects emotionally with his work, says Paul Glen (2007), thereby underpinning the efficacy of intrinsic reward in employee engagement, since it aims to emotionally engage the workers. The resolve Yet it is tough to overtly implement intrinsic reward policy by issuing lashings of well-done certificates, as the employees may not adapt to this sudden shift of reward policy, especially when tied(p) a penny counts after recession.It is where the strategy of fostering team communion can come in handy, which is also backed by Expectancy Value Theory of Martin Fishbein (Expectancy, 2004), where he observed that people stamp themselves to the world in accordance with their expectations/beliefs and evaluations. An effective team communication does that much-needed job it converts the employee expectation from personal gain to team-gain, and team-gain becomes possible only when the individual worker meets the expectation of other team-members.This process manifests through both intra-team communication and inter-team communication, which generates high-degree of intrinsic motivation among team members that automatically creates an emotional bondage with their work. Consequently, members of the team become aware of the roles of each(prenominal) member and try to finish individual assignments in time to meet the expectation of the team members. Upon doing so, they make love job satisfaction on many accounts as fulfilling a team of colleagues expectation raises the level of vernacular trust, self-confidence and individual relationship.These are the elements of intrinsic motivation, which rules over money. And what comes out as the by-product? Company benefit, of line of work References Expectancy Value Theory. (2004). Web document. Retrieved July 7, 2009, from http//www. tcw. utwente. nl/theorieenoverzicht/Theory %20clusters/Public%20Rela tions%2C%20Advertising%2C%20Marketing%20and%20Consumer%20Behavio r/Expectancy_Value_Theory. doc/ Glen, P. (2007). You cant outsource retention. Computerworld, July 16, 2007.

There is no topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

There is no topic - move ExampleAs a means to gain enlightenment Gautama practiced meditation under a bodhi tree where he finally realized the true path of freedom from suffering towards salvation. He was henceforth known as Buddha or the Enlightened one( Hawkins 35).The sanctioned noble-mindeds of Buddhism are centred on four dread truths that are the tenets of Buddhas doctrines. The First noble lofty is the truth of suffering that recognizes that suffering exists. The second ideal emphasizes on the cause of suffering in which ignorance and desire are identified as the major causes. The trey noble ideal teaches on the end of suffering in the world or in the apparitional sense by achieving Nirvana. Consequently, the fourth noble ideal creates the path towards the end of suffering (Hawkins 29).The monastic ideal of Christianity referred to the practice of seclusion from the world for the purpose of spiritual communion with God and the universe (Markus 19). The origin and overs pread of the practice is attributed to Saint Anthony of Alexandria in Egypt (Markus 19). At the age of fifteen, he decided to start off a life of seclusion in the desert for the next ninety years. During this period he became famous as more and more young men joined him in the desert. The ancient Eastern customs want divine intervention. Furthermore, such people were referred to as hermits or desert dwellers (Hawkins 68)They were considered as holy men by the villagers who offered wise advice to the local villagers. During the spiritual enlightenment process, the hermits would subject their bodies to self punishment such as extremum fasting for the purpose of driving out desires of the flesh and strengthen the spirit. The villagers that sought advice from the hermits would carry offerings of food for them. The basic tenets of Christian monasticism were foremost driven by the

Movement and singing Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Movement and singing - Research aim ExampleAlexander studied himself in mirrors while he was saying his lines. He realized that his everyday trend of holding himself would be very hard to overcome, but knew he had to gain conscious domination over his posture and attitude in order to produce the best sound. So he genuine a method to re-teach his body how to act.Performers often dont even realize theyre puree until theyre reminded to relax. Tightness in the singer can distort sound and cause the sound to be less resonant (Alexander). The Alexander Method teaches students how all the musclebuilder groups work together. The teacher guides students through a series of gentle exercises, and sometimes touches them a little to guide them into new ways of using their muscles. The muscle corrections are subtle, and an Alexander Technique teacher directs the student with small movements and verbal instructions.Performers think that stand up up orderly will give them the best posture f or singing, but the act of standing straight can put extra tension on the neck, back, and legs, actually reducing the breath and resonance. Consciously devising the body do anything introduces tension. The Alexander technique relaxes the posture, reducing underlying tension (Moore).The whispered ah is a way of making Alexander technique students aware of how the breath enters and leaves the body. By perfecting the whispered ah, singers can relax their animate into its more(prenominal) natural rhythms and engage the whole body in producing sound. The sound will be more pure and resonant because it comes out the whole person. The whispered ah may seem like a simple-minded exercise, but perfecting it is extremely tricky. Breaking old patterns requires both concentration and letting go to let the offshoot work.The important point with the Alexander technique is to relax and stop trying to control body movements and positions. going away into a natural pose when singing and releasin g tension gives the voice its depth. Once

Juvenile Crime Statistics Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Juvenile Crime Statistics study - Essay ExampleThis figure was significantly less than the one recorded in previous years. at that place was an increase in fresh crimes in 2005, 2006, and 2007, which made the law enforcers fear that the nation would witness a severe crime wave. The crime data collected in 2008 indicated that violent crimes had declined and young adults were being pertain in wide assaults and drug offenses. According to Puzzanchera, (2009), most juveniles were being arrested for commission of crimes such as larceny, simple and aggravated assault. Minor crimes that were committed by juveniles during 2008 were property crimes. In relation to this, the FBI assesses trends in property crimes by monitoring offences such as theft of motor vehicle, larceny and burglary. These crimes increased during 2007-2008.According to Puzzanchera (2009), the number of juvenile female who were involved in the commission of crimes increased in 2008. Law enforcers were able to arrest all over 600,000 females who were below the age of 18. During this year, females were arrested for robbery, simple assault, larceny and disorderly conduct. Moreover, during 2008, more female juveniles were arrested for commission of larceny whereas there was a decline in the number of males committing larceny.Puzzanchera (2009) indicates that minorities were highly involved in the commission of the aforementioned crimes. In all cases in which juveniles were arrested for the commission of violent crimes, half of the crimes involved black youth, 1% involved youth of Asian origin, 47% involved white juveniles and 1% involved youth of American Indian origin. In the commission of property crimes, two thirds of the arrested juveniles were white, while the rest were blacks with an insignificant number of Asian and Indian youth. In general, youths of black origin where represented in all instances of juvenile arrests.In 2008,

Constitution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Constitution - Essay ExampleIt has become a fundamental by rights that is universally recognized by the courts and public alike. Under this presumption, defendants are entitled to a presumption of innocence. Defendants do not have to prove their innocence. The government must establish guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. This right and others are outlined in four Amendments, the Fourth which protects against searches and seizures without benefit of a court warrant, in addition to the Fifth, Sixth and Eighth. These aforementioned four Amendments are essential to the U.S. criminal evaluator system functioning as the framers of the Constitution envisioned it. (Twining v. New Jersey, 1908). The Fifth Amendment guarantees the defendants right to due process of law and from world subjected to double jeopardy or testifying against themselves. Double jeopardy room being put on trial twice for the same offense (U.S. Department of State, 2001). The Miranda Rights are cover by the Fifth Amendm ent. The Eighth Amendment prohibits courts assessing excessive bail and implementing cruel and unusual punishments. It is the Sixth Amendment that offers the most shelter for citizens. Defendants are guaranteed the right to a speedy trial and an impartial jury by the Sixth Amendment. ... Today, the courts advise this Sixth Amendment right to include appointing an attorney for defendants that cant pay for one. Prior to the Gideon v. Wainwright notion in 1963, courts had generally understood that well-grounded representation would be appointed in special situations whole such as when the defendant was not capable of comprehending the charges brought against them because of a mental deficiency. This was accepted as being fair and just but disregarded the indigent who could not afford legal counsel. Gideon was a cause affirmation that both groups, those that could not understand the charges and those that did not have the financial means to retain counsel, were at equal disadvanta ge and that all citizens had a fundamental right to be represented by legal counsel. The underpinning of Gideon is the notion that a fair trial requires a balance of power, and to the extent that the government spends money in support of the prosecution, it should also spend money on defense (Black, 1963). The Bill of Rights does not include proper(postnominal) or even ambiguous instructions regarding victim protections. Interestingly, the Sixth Amendment, which outlines the most important rights for the defendant also addresses rights, of sorts, for the victim. Because this Amendment stipulates that the defendant be lodgeed with the witnesses against him (Bill of Rights) it allows for victims to confront the person who wronged them. The accused must be able to confront their accuser which cannot happen unless, of course, the victim confronts the accused. Confronting the person who perpetrated the crime is therapeutic for the victim and is a practice that has grown in popularity in recent years. The First Amendment

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 98

Assignment ExampleIt also helps you to mature as a person because of your experience. However the drawbacks may include certain challenges such as applying for visa or migration issues (Accounting Internships Abroad, 2014).I think I belong to the Generation Y as I am born in this century. If I want to start my own restaurant, I would market it to others in my contemporariesal group through with(predicate) the use of internet. I will market my restaurant on social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram, as the bulk of my generation be usually active on these sites. I think that hoi polloi of my generation would find fast food such as pizzas, burgers, French-fries, sandwiches, steaks, coffees, mock tails, etc. appealing, and therefore I would induct such a menu that attracts the people of my generation.Baby Boomer Generation is the largest generation and subscribe tos about 80 million people. The people of this generation were born after the World War II, in b etween the extent of 1946 to 1964. It is the oldest generation and its people are currently retired. As the people of this generation were born during the period of fight they suffered a lot but due to advancement in technology, education and aid provided by the government, these people developed as a prosperous generation.The people of this generation were born in the period of 1960 to 1980 and contain about 46 million people. The children of this generation were the first ones to used Computers, Cell phones, Cable, Television, Fax machine, Videogames, etc. The people of this generation are focused on their goals and are independence of their families. They make their own decisions as they are often raised by divorced parents. With the advancement of media and journalism in this generation, they are taught to hold differences ground on religion, race, caste and class.The people of this generation are born in the period of 1980 to 2000 and are

Overview of digital forensics at NIST Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Overview of digital rhetoricals at NIST - Article ExampleDue to the increased computer related crimes, it is a fundamental want for any organization to employ these digital forensic skills to establish and solve their security issues.Use of these forensic techniques provides an additional assistance to the organization since it helps in troubleshooting, identification and repair of operational issues within a system, reviewing of the in operation(p) systems (Barnett, par. 9). Also provides recovery of lost data from computer systems in case of malicious or inadvertent damage. It provides protection of sensitive information which would otherwise be employmentd for malicious purposes and even acquisition of data from the hosts that can be used by the company in the future. Furthermore, it also gives an opportunity to monitor pound entries and prevention of policy violations.Apart from all the support these digital forensics, there are shortcomings that accompany their use and be nefits outlined above. One disadvantage is the difficulty in obtaining information from mobile devices like phones, iPads, and personal digital assistants. Law enforcement and forensics on these devices are still a challenge since most of the mobile devices require narrow down interfaces, storage, and hardware. Also getting information from the cloud storage space is tedious because of the complicated cloud

Social research methods Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Social methods - Research Proposal Exampleportant to prevent, control as well as canvas cyber activities in order to protect the informational, financial and other assets of an individual or an organization. The digital assets of individuals and institutions should be defend sufficiently in order to brinytain the CIA system of digital information which allows the factors of confidentiality, integrity and availability of digital assets. The information present in the human brains, in transit or stored in physical or digital media needs to be protected to maintain their authenticity and confidentiality. These facts establish the high requirement and relevancy of understanding cyber-crime in order to control and prevent these crimes. The research work will be segregate in three categories for the ease of answering the research questions adequately. These categories argon the prevention of cyber-crimes, the control of cyber-crimes and the investigation of cybercrimes.The main terms t hat can be used to search the empirical literature relevant to this research are cyber-crimes, digital crimes, hacking, cyber frauds, viruses, attacks, cyber security, credit card fraud, identity theft, internet fraud, electronic communications privacy and electronic surveillance. rough relevant literary works in journals, article, newspapers and other publications can be considered for this research. The documents referred to for this research will include but are not limited to the use of books, journals, valid websites, published reports and guidelines. Also, the cyber laws implemented in resist countries for the prevention and investigation of cyber-crimes like the European Laws, The United States Federal laws, The Security Protect Yourself Against Cyber Trespass (SPY) motivate , the information Technology Act , Nigerian Evidence Act, Japans Cyber Laws, Indian Cyber Laws, the Cybercrime Act, the Freedom of Information Bill, the Data Protection Act and the Financial Integrity A ct would be studied for gaining a

Summary Report Assignment - The World is Flat Essay

Summary Report Assignment - The World is level - Essay Exampleinstead embrace these changes as a means of further specializing the work get out and using these elements of a flat world to the competitive advantage of the expertnessed worker in the get together States to the same degree and extent to which skilled workers elsewhere throughout the globe are using the talents and skill sets of laborers elsewhere to promote industry and development. A further focus is placed upon seeking to make hideaway benefits and insurance less dependent upon the actual employer and more dependent upon the government. This prescription is rather strange as Friedman can otherwise be understood as a laissez faire economist however, this particular approach is bingle that allows the reader to come to the understanding that even though the economic principles that he supports and promotes are fiscally conservative, there is a strain of economic liberalism in his approach. This of course makes his view more balanced and palatable to those that top executive otherwise by put off by his more hands off approach to global